Hair curler



Oct. 5 1948.

E. EPPICH HAIR CURLER Filed Jan. 29, 1946 I will" IN VEN TOR. Elizabeth Errich ATTORNEYS Patented Oct. 5, 1948 HAIR CURLER Elizabeth Eppich, Cleveland, Ohio Application January 29,

6 Claims.

This invention relates to and more particularly to hair curlers of the mechanical type which are worn with the hair wrapped or curled about the same until a wave or ringlet formation is imparted to the hair.

It is an object of the invention to provide a hair curling or dressing device which enables the hair to be quickly and easily formed into a curl or ringlet, and which is retained close to the head of the wearer so that the resulting curl or ringlet is tight and formed along substantially the entire length of the hair and close to the scalp. More specifically the invention aims to provide a hair dressing device of the character mentioned, in which a hair retaining arm is so supported upon or by the body of the curler that the arm may be moved to retain the curler close to the head of the wearer while holding the hair in position about the curler.

Another object of the invention is to provide a hair dresing device or curler which may be readily slipped from a curl or ringlet without unwrapping or disturbing the curl.

Another object is to provide a hair curler having a body portion of cylindrical form and a pivoted hair retaining arm movable circumferentially to different positions on the body of the curler.

A further object of the invention is to provide a device of the character mentioned, which is of simple construction and design, and economical to manufacture. Other objects and advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description of several preferred embodiments of the invention, this description being made in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 shows several of the hair curlers of the present invention in use for the purpose of forming ringlets or curls;

Fig. 2 is a. view, partly diagrammatic, of a hair curler showing a preferred embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the hair curler taken substantially on the line 33 of Fig. 2, and enlarged with respect thereto;

Fig. 4 is'a sectional detail taken substantially on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a sectional detail taken transversely through the hair dressing device showing the same in use, with hair disposed about the tubular or barrel-like body of the curler;

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of a hair curling device illustrating a modification of the invention;

hair dressing devices 1946, Serial No. 644,050

tion on the body that Fig. '7 is an end elevational View of the hair curler shown in Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a sectional detail taken substantially on the line 8-8 of Fig. '7;

Fig. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view partly diagrammatic, through a hair curling device, illustrating another modification of the invention; and

Fig. 10 is a sectional detail taken substantially on the line Ill-l 0 in Fig. 9.

Referring now to the drawings by numerals of reference which indicate like parts throughout the several views, the hair curling or dressing device of the present invention is seen to comprise a substantially cylindrical body I, preferably of tubular form. This body may be made of thin metal such as aluminum and is desirably formed of seamless tubing. Formed in the body at spaced intervals over the surface thereof are a multiplicity of openings or apertures 2 which permit air to reach and circulate about hair disposed or wrapped about the body I so that drying of the hair is facilitated.

At one end of the thimble-like body I is formed a reduced diameter portion 3 about whichis disposed a circumferentially slidable mounting ring or band 4. Circumferentially extending shoulders 5 and B defining the ends of the reduced diameter portion 3 on the end of the curler body serve to confine the band 4 and restrain the latter from axial movement along the body. It is not essential to prevent all axial movement of the mounting band 9, but preferable to do so.

The band 4 serves as a mount or holder for a hair retaining arm 8 which is supported at one end only in cantilever fashion, A rivet 9 is passed through an opening in the band 4 prior to assemblyof the band about the reduced diameter portion of the body of the device. Head ll) of the rivet thus bears against and slides around the reduced diameter portion 3 and the arm 8 is received for rotating movement on a projecting portion of the rivet 9 which is swaged over as indicated at l I to retain the arm on the rivet.

The swaged end I I may be made to frictionally engage the arm 8 so that the arm is constrained to remain in whatever position it is placed by the operator and to frictionally resist being displaced; Also the band 4, by reason of frictional engagement with the reduced diameter portion 3 of the body, is constrained to remain in whatever posiit is placed by the operator. Should the band 4 become loose, it may be tightened as desired by moving or deforming portions l2 thereof adjacent the head l0 of the rivet 9.

In lieu of the frictional engagement between the swaged end H and the arm 8 to retain the latter in adjusted position, or if desired in addition to such frictional engagement, the arm 8 may be formed with a depending finger or detent M, which is engageable in a slot formed in an ear 16 extending from the band 3 adjacent the rivet 9. Thus the finger l4 and slotted ear I 6 provide a mechanical interlock which positively holds the arm Bin hairv retaining position in. overlying relation to the surface of the cylindrical body l and substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the latter. By reason of the rivet connection the arm 8 is mounted to restraint to and from the in a plane which is disposed wholly outside of the body I of the hair dressing or curling device, suchplane being substantially tangent to thesurface of the cylindrical body. The arm 8 and band 5 may be formed of aluminum or similar material; it is preferable, however, thatthearm 8 have some resilience or spring-likeaction so that it will yieldingly bear against hair curled. about the body I.

The above described cantilever support for. the hair ret ainin arm enables the hair dressingder viceof this invention to be formed with a relatively short or stubby body 5 as compared with conventional hair curlers. Thus in curling hair. using the device of the present invention, a .great many more of the devices may be used than is the'case with conventional curlers. If desired a number'ofth'e short thimble-like curlers of this invention. may be" placed. close together. even in end to end relation,..as illustrated in Fig. 1.

relatively short axiallength of the. curler permitsit' to lie; closely adjacent the head so that the hair is curled close to the scalp. A longer curler results in certain portions of outside surface off the thimble-like body I and arm 8'has a strokingor smoothing action against. hair l8. armll'when'moved to hair retaining position "by the operator'not ,be'sufliciently close to the scalp while-holding the band 5 and arm 8 in fixedpositiorr.

Hair-curlers oftthe character. described above.

maybe used by individuals desiring to curLtheir own .hair' at home, in which case water or.con-.

ventional curling applications may be-used todampen the hair either before or after it is placed swing under frictional hair retaining position" The.

example, to.

operator. The. end. of'the liairto be-curled' is then placed'againstithe.

Should. the

. in the recess upon the curlers.

Also the hair dressing devices herein described may be used by professional hair dressers who employ special or secret hair curling solutions or chemicals that are applied to the hair either before, after or durin the placement on the curlers.

It is tobe noted that the open end construction of these curlers permits a through draft or circulation of air induced either naturally or by blowers, tofacilitate quickdrying of hair curling solutions. The reticulated or perforated body I permits transverse or radial flow of air through hair curled about the body.

Figs. 6, 7 and 8 illustrate a modification oi the invention-in. which a cylindrical or tubular body I9 formed similarly and of similar material to the body I described in connection with the preceding figures-has at one end a circumferentially extending radially directed flange 20. This flange may be spun or stamped on the end of the body l9, and serves as a retainer for acircular ring 2| which has axrunnin'g fit about the flange 20. An inwardly directed circumferential flange 22 formed. on the ring 2! is engageable with the flange 29' on theend of the body [9 toretain the lillg.2'|' on the body and to prevent axial movement of the ring. Disposed inside the ring 2! and secured in. place asby a press fit is an end member 23 which has" a circumferential flange or ring portion Z -l'embraced; by the ring 2!.

A pivot pin 28 is disposed diametrically across the ring 2| and end member23, This pin is journaled with a slight frictional fit in theringportion' 24.0fltheend member 23 and'extendsithrough or intoslotted'openings 210i the ring 2|. One end of the pin 26'is peened or riveted over as indicated' at 28toi. retainthe pin in place and the other end of the pin extends beyond the ringZi and receivesa hair retaining arm 29 which is secured to" the pinlfi" bya press fitor by soldering orriveting. The arm.29 serves the same purpose as the hair'retaining arm 8 previously described and may be formed of similarmaterial. Portions oftheendmember'zfi may be removed as indicated? at 30toprovide'openings for circulation of dryingair and also to provide, in the remaining portion of? the end member 23 across1theendoflthedevice, a' yielding or spring like action.

Mounted" on the center of the pivot pin 26 and secured'by solder or 'a'press fitls a detaining arm orelement 3| 'the end of which is receivable in a recess or opening 32 formed in the center of the end member 23'. or'adjusted that'When the element 3| is seated 32 the retaining arm 29 is dis-posed in hair retainingor clamping position overlying the body I!) of'thecurler. The operator may of course displace the arm 29 fromhair retaining position by applying'appropriate force or twisting movement to the arm inwhich case the detaining element 3| rides out of the recess 32.

To prevent axial shifting movement of the ring Z Iand retainingarm 29, the end of the ring or flange 24 is arranged ito abut" the flange 2B of the body '19; Thus therfiange' 2lliis mechanically interlocked with the ring 2| and ring 25, the lattertwo rings acting-as'a unit and being rotatable circumferentially about thewbody l9; Open-- ings. 33may be formed .in the-body I 9 and icorrespond to openings Zzpreviously described in con which extends The parts are so arranged ubstantially the same as those used in the de= 'ice just described are indicated by the same iumerals of reference. In this further modifica- ;ion of the device, an axially movable pivot pin 35 corresponding to the pivot pin '26 previously :lescribed is mounted for slidable axial movement and for rotating movement in a ring 34 and an and member 35 which corresponds to the end member 23 previously described. The hair retaining arm 29 is secured on end of the pin 35.

An inwardly directed ear 31' formed on the end member 36 has a slotted or bifurcated portion which embraces the pivot pin 35 and serves as a seat for one end of a helical coil compression spring 3% disposed about the pivot pin. The other end of the spring 38 bears against a seat formed by an arm detent 33 secured as by a press fit or solder on the pivot pin 35. The spring 38 thus acts to resiliently urge the hair retaining arm 29 in a direction toward the body IQ of the hair curler when the arm is displaced to the broken line position shown in Fig. 9. When the device is in use the bulk of the hair disposed around the body l9 normally displaces the arm 29 to some position intermediate the full line and broken line positions shown in Fig. 9. Accordingly, when in use the spring 38 normally acts to apply force to the hair retaining arm 29 which resiliently contacts and presses the hair against the body of the curler. To facilitate manipulation of the device, the pivot pin 35 has its end opposite the hairretaining arm 29 extended beyond the ring 34 and formed with a head 40 which may be engaged or pressed by the operator to displace the arm 29.

To look the hair retaining arm in overlying position with respect to the body !9, the arm 39 is receivable in a slot 4! formed in a radially inwardly directed ear or flange 42 on the ring 34. To release the detent arm 39 from the slot 4!, the pivot pin 35 is shifted axially until the hair retaining arm 29 is moved to the broken line position shown in Fig. 9. In such position the arm 39 clears the ear 42, permitting the pivot pin 35 to be rotated and the hair retaining arm 29 may be swung to any desired position.

If desired, the ends of the barrels or bodies of the curlers may be formed with inturned flange portions 43 which prevent catching curled hair on the ends of the cylindrical bodies'when the latter are withdrawn from the curls.

In all the embodiments of the invention the hair retaining arms are shiftable circumferentially about the cylindrical or barrel-like bodies of the hair curlers by means of the movable or slidable mounts comprising the rings 4, 2i and 34. This shifting of the hair retaining arm may be performed by the operator with the hair retaining arm in either hair retaining or displaced po sition. Furthermore, in moving the hair retaining arm to hair retaining position, the operator can sweep or swing the arm in a direction which has a hair smoothing or stroking action.

By reason of the hair retaining arms being mounted or supported in cantilever fashion at one end only of each, the other ends of the hair retaining arms are unobstructed, permitting the hair dressing devices or curlers to be withdrawn axially from curled hair without disturbing or unrolling the curls.

The principles of the present invention may be utilized in various ways, numerous modifications and alterations being contemplated, substitution of parts and changes in construction being resorted to as desired, it being understood that the embodiments shown in the drawings and described above are given merely for purposes of explanation and illustration without intending to limit the scope ofthe claims to the specific details disclosed.

What I claim is: v 1. A hair dressing device comprising a body about which hair may be wound, a hair retaining arm, and means at one end of the arm pivotally mounting the arm as a cantilever to swing to and from a hair clamping position substantially paralleling the body and closely adjacent thereto, said swinging of the arm being in a plane wholly outside the body whereby the arm performs a stroking action on hair disposed about the body in moving to said position, and means at the pivot end of the arm to retain the arm in said hair clamping position.

2; A hair curler comprising about which hair may arm and means at one end of the arm pivotally mounting the arm as a cantilever to swing to and from a hair clamping position substantially paralleling the axis of the body and closely adjacent the surface of the body, said swinging of the arm being in a plane wholly outside the cylindrical body whereby the arm performs a stroking action on hair disposed about the body in moving to said position, and means at the pivot end of the arm to retain the arm in said hair clamping position.

3. A hair dressing device comprising an elongated body having an outer surface about which hair may be curled, a hair retaining arm disposed wholly outside said body surface, means at one end of the body pivotally mounting the arm at one end for swinging movement in a plane disposed wholly outside of said outer surface, the other end of said arm being free, the arm being swingable to and from a hair retaining position in which the arm parallels the body in closely overlying relation thereto but is disposed wholly outside said body surface, and said mounting means being movable on the body to carry the arm about the body while keeping the arm in hair retaining position.

4. A hair dressing device comprising a hollow shell-like elongated body having a substantially cylindrical outer surface about which hair may be curled, a hair retaining arm disposed wholly outside said body surface, means at one end of the body pivotally mounting the arm at one end for swinging movement in a plane disposed wholl outside of said outer surface, and substantially tangential thereto, the other end of said arm be ing free, the arm being swingable to and from a hair retaining position in which the arm parallels the body in closely overlying relation thereto and is disposed wholly outside said body surface, whereby the device may be withdrawn from a curl of hair while the arm is in hair retaining position by sliding the body axially therefrom, the curl moving over the other end of the body, and means associated with the pivot end of the arm restraining the arm to resist displacement thereof from hair retaining position.

5. A hair dressing device comprising a hollow shell-like elongated body having a substantially cylindrical outer surface about which hair may be curled, a hair retaining arm disposed wholly outside said body surface, means at one end of the body pivotally mounting the arm at one end for swinging movement in a plane disposed wholly outside of said outer surface, and substantially tangential thereto, the other end of said arm bea cylindrical body be curled, a hair retaining ing: free,-v the; arm being? swingablei to: and-flour. a: hair'retainin'g position parallel to: at generator. of: the: cylindrical outer: surface of; the-body; andwholly outsidesaid1bodyi'surfaee, jwhereby'thede' swingable; to; and: from a hair retainingv position whichthe arm parallels: the body in closely 'overlyingzrelation thereto but is disposediwholly outside said body. surface, said mounting means vice may be withdrawn from a curliothairW-hile 5 being movable onthe body to carry the arm' about the arm is in hair retaining positiOmbysiiding tliebody axially therefrom, the curl moving over the-other endzofi the body, said mounting: means beinggmovableonithe:body to c'arry-thearmaaboutl the. body-while ke-epingmherarmin hair'ret'ainina the body 'while keeping. the arm in hair retaining position; and means associated withthe pivot end-of the armrestraining the arm to resist dis placement thereof fromwhair retaining position. 10 ELIZABETH EPPICH.

position, ,andzmeans associated with.thespivoirend ofithearm-restraining thear-m: tow res1st=disp]ace--' ment. thereof from hair. retaining; position;-

6..=4 A's hair dressing device: comprising; an eion- REFERENCES CITED.

Theffollowing references are ofrecord in the file of" this patent:

gated: body having. an: outeri' surface; about: which 15 hair may-be curled,- a hair. retainingiarm disposed:

wholly outside: saidbody surface; means atone end of the body pivotally mounting;the-arm at one endfor swinging; movement in a plane disposed whollyoutside of. said outer: surface; the other: end i of said: arm being: free; the arm: being UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 895,704 Weller -Aug. 11, 1908 1,524,490 Smith 1 Jan. 27, 1 925 20 2,073,815 Solomon-h. Mar. 16, 1937 

